CompTIA Security+ Certification : SY0-401

Exam Code: SY0-401
Exam Name: CompTIA Security+ Certification
Updated: Jun 02, 2026
Q & A: 1790 Questions and Answers

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CompTIA SY0-401 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Network Security 20%
Implement security configuration parameters on network devices and other technologies.	1.Firewalls 2.Routers 3.Switches 4.Load balancers 5.Proxies 6.Web security gateways 7.VPN concentrators 8.NIDS and NIPS Behavior-based Signature-based Anomaly-based Heuristic 9.Protocol analyzers 10.Spam filter 11.UTM security appliances URL filter Content inspection Malware inspection 12. Web application firewall vs. network firewall 13.Application aware devices Firewalls IPS IDS Proxies
Given a scenario, use secure network administration principles.	1. Rule-based management2. Firewall rules 2.VLAN management 3. Secure router configuration 4. Access control lists 5. Port security 6. 802.1x 7. Flood guards 8. Loop protection 9. Implicit deny 10. Network separation 11. Log analysis 12. Unified threat management
Explain network design elements and components.	1.DMZ 2. Subnetting 3.VLAN 4.NAT 5.Remote access 6.Telephony 7.NAC 8.Virtualization 9.Cloud computing PaaS SaaS IaaS Private Public Hybrid Community 10.Layered security/defense in depth
Given a scenario, implement common protocols and services.	1.Protocols IPSec SNMP SSH DNS TLS SSL TCP/IP FTPS HTTPS SCP ICMP IPv4 IPv6 iSCSI Fibre Channel FCoE FTP SFTP TFTP TELNET HTTP NetBIOS 2.Ports 21 22 25 53 80 110 139 143 443 3389 3.OSI relevance
Given a scenario, troubleshoot security issues related to wireless networking.	1. WPA2. WPA2 3.WEP 4. EAP 5. PEAP 6. LEAP 7. MAC filter 8. Disable SSID broadcast 9. TKIP 10. CCMP 11. Antenna placement 12. Power level controls 13. Captive portals 14. Antenna types 15. Site surveys 16. VPN (over open wireless)
Compliance and Operational Security 18%
Explain the importance of risk related concepts.	1.Control types Technical Management Operational 2.False positives 3.False negatives 4.Importance of policies in reducing riskPrivacy policy Acceptable use Security policy Mandatory vacations Job rotation Separation of duties Least privilege 5.Risk calculation Likelihood ALE Impact SLE ARO MTTR MTTF MTBF 6.Quantitative vs. qualitative 7.Vulnerabilities 8.Threat vectors 9.Probability/threat likelihood 10. Risk avoidance, transference, acceptance, mitigation, deterrence 11. Risks associated with cloud computing and virtualization 12. Recovery time objective and recovery point objective
Summarize the security implications of integrating systems and data with third parties.	1. On-boarding/off-boarding business partners 2.Social media networks and/or applications 3.Interoperability agreements SLA BPA MOU ISA 4.Privacy considerations 5. Risk awareness 6. Unauthorized data sharing 7. Data ownership 8. Data backups 9. Follow security policy and procedures 10. Review agreement requirements to verify compliance and performance standards
Given a scenario, implement appropriate risk mitigation strategies.	1. Change management2. Incident management 3. User rights and permissions reviews 4. Perform routine audits 5. Enforce policies and procedures to prevent data loss or theft 6.Enforce technology controls Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
Given a scenario, implement basic forensic procedures.	1. Order of volatility2. Capture system image 3. Network traffic and logs 4. Capture video 5. Record time offset 6. Take hashes 7. Screenshots 8. Witnesses 9. Track man hours and expense 10. Chain of custody 11. Big Data analysis
Summarize common incident response procedures.	1. Preparation2. Incident identification 3. Escalation and notification 4. Mitigation steps 5. Lessons learned 6. Reporting 7.Recovery/reconstitution procedures 8.First responder 9. Incident isolation Quarantine Device remova 10.Data breach 11.Damage and loss control
Explain the importance of security related awareness and training.	1.Security policy training and procedures 2.Role-based training 3.Personally identifiable information 4.Information classification High Medium Low Confidential Private Public 5.Data labeling, handling and disposal 6. Compliance with laws, best practices and standards 7.User habits Password behaviors Data handling Clean desk policies Prevent tailgating Personally owned devices 8. New threats and new security trends/alerts New viruses Phishing attacks Zero-day exploits 9.Use of social networking and P2P 10. Follow up and gather training metrics to validate compliance and security posture
Compare and contrast physical security and environmental controls.	1.Environmental controls HVAC Fire suppression EMI shielding Hot and cold aisles Environmental monitoring Temperature and humidity controls 2.Physical security Hardware locks Mantraps Video surveillance Fencing Proximity readers Access list Proper lighting Signs Guards Barricades Biometrics Protected distribution (cabling) Alarms Motion detection 3.Control types Deterrent Preventive Detective Compensating Technical Administrative
Summarize risk management best practices.	1.Business continuity concepts Business impact analysis Identification of critical systems and components Removing single points of failure Business continuity planning and testing Risk assessment Continuity of operations Disaster recovery IT contingency planning Succession planning High availability Redundancy Tabletop exercises 2.Fault tolerance Hardware RAID Clustering Load balancing Servers 3.Disaster recovery concepts Backup plans/policies Backup execution/frequency Cold site Hot site Warm site
Given a scenario, select the appropriate control to meet the goals of security.	1.Confidentiality Encryption Access controls Steganography 2.Integrity Hashing Digital signatures Certificates Non-repudiation 3.Availability Redundancy Fault tolerance Patching 4.Safety Fencing Lighting Locks CCTV Escape plans Drills Escape routes Testing controls
Threats and Vulnerabilities 20%
Explain types of malware.	1. Adware2. Virus 3. Spyware 4. Trojan 5. Rootkits 6. Backdoors 7. Logic bomb 8. Botnets 9.Ransomware 10. Polymorphic malware 11. Armored virus
Summarize various types of attacks.	1. Man-in-the-middle2. DDoS 3. DoS 4. Replay 5. Smurf attack 6. Spoofing 7. Spam 8. Phishing 9.Spim 10. Vishing 11. Spear phishing 12. Xmas attack 13.Pharming 14. Privilege escalation 15. Malicious insider threat 16. DNS poisoning and ARP poisoning 17 Transitive access 18. Client-side attacks 19.Password attacks Brute force Dictionary attacks Hybrid Birthday attacks Rainbow tables 20.Typo squatting/URL hijacking 21.Watering hole attack
Summarize social engineering attacks and the associated effectiveness with each attack.	1. Shoulder surfing2. Dumpster diving 3. Tailgating 4. Impersonation 5. Hoaxes 6.Whaling 7.Vishing 8.Principles (reasons for effectiveness) Authority Intimidation Consensus/social proof Scarcity Urgency Familiarity/liking Trust
Explain types of wireless attacks.	1. Rogue access points2. Jamming/interference 3. Evil twin 4. War driving 5. Bluejacking 6. Bluesnarfing 7. War chalking 8. IV attack 9. Packet sniffing 10. Near field communication 11. Replay attacks 12.WEP/WPA attacks 13.WPS attacks
Explain types of application attacks.	1. Cross-site scripting2. SQL injection 3.LDAP injection 4. XML injection 5. Directory traversal/command injection 6. Buffer overflow 7. Integer overflow 8. Zero-day 9. Cookies and attachments 10. Locally Shared Objects (LSOs) 11. Flash cookies 12. Malicious add-ons 13. Session hijacking 14. Header manipulation 15. Arbitrary code execution/remote code execution
Analyze a scenario and select the appropriate type of mitigation and deterrent techniques.	1.Monitoring system logs Event logs Audit logs Security logs Access logs 2.Hardening Disabling unnecessary services Protecting management interfaces and applications Password protection Disabling unnecessary accounts 3.Network security MAC limiting and filtering 802.1x Disabling unused interfaces and unused application service ports Rogue machine detection 4.Security posture Initial baseline configuration Continuous security monitoring Remediation 5.Reporting Alarms Alerts Trends 6.Detection controls vs. prevention controls IDS vs. IPS Camera vs. guard
Given a scenario, use appropriate tools and techniques to discover security threats and vulnerabilities.	1. Interpret results of security assessment tools 2.Tools Protocol analyzer Vulnerability scanner Honeypots Honeynets Port scanner Passive vs. active tools Banner grabbing 3.Risk calculations Threat vs. likelihood 4.Assessment types Risk Threat Vulnerability 5.Assessment technique Baseline reporting Code review Determine attack surface Review architecture Review designs
Explain the proper use of penetration testing versus vulnerability scanning.	1.Penetration testing Verify a threat exists Bypass security controls Actively test security controls Exploiting vulnerabilities 2.Vulnerability scanning Passively testing security controls Identify vulnerability Identify lack of security controls Identify common misconfigurations Intrusive vs. non-intrusive Credentialed vs. non-credentialed False positive 3.Black box 4. White box 5.Gray box
Application, Data and Host Security 15%
Explain the importance of application security controls and techniques.	1.Fuzzing 2.Secure coding concepts Error and exception handling Input validation 3. Cross-site scripting prevention 4. Cross-site Request Forgery (XSRF) prevention 5. Application configuration baseline (proper settings) 6. Application hardening 7. Application patch management 8. NoSQL databases vs. SQL databases 9. Server-side vs. client-side validation
Summarize mobile security concepts and technologies.	1.Device security Full device encryption Remote wiping Lockout Screen locks GPS Application control Storage segmentation Asset tracking Inventory control Mobile device management Device access control Removable storage Disabling unused features 2.Application security Key management Credential management Authentication Geo-tagging Encryption Application whitelisting Transitive trust/authentication 3.BYOD concerns Data ownership Support ownership Patch management Antivirus management Forensics Privacy On-boarding/off-boarding Adherence to corporate policies User acceptance Architecture/infrastructure considerations Legal concerns Acceptable use policy On-board camera/video
Given a scenario, select the appropriate solution to establish host security.	1. Operating system security and settings 2.OS hardening 3.Anti-malware Antivirus Anti-spam Anti-spyware Pop-up blockers 4. Patch management 5. Whitelisting vs. blacklisting applications 6. Trusted OS 7. Host-based firewalls 8. Host-based intrusion detection 9. Hardware security Cable locks Safe Locking cabinets 10.Host software baselining 11.Virtualization Snapshots Patch compatibility Host availability/elasticity Security control testing Sandboxing
Implement the appropriate controls to ensure data security.	1. Cloud storage2. SAN 3. Handling Big Data 4. Data encryption Full disk Database Individual files Removable media Mobile devices 5.Hardware-based encryption devices TPM HSM USB encryption Hard drive 6. Data in transit, data at rest, data in use 7. Permissions/ACL 8.Data policies Wiping isposing Retention Storage
Compare and contrast alternative methods to mitigate security risks in static environments.	1.Environments SCADA Embedded (printer, smart TV, HVAC control) Android iOS Mainframe Game consoles In-vehicle computing systems 2.Methods Network segmentation Security layers Application firewalls Manual updates Firmware version control Wrappers Control redundancy and diversity
Access Control and Identity Management 15%
Compare and contrast the function and purpose of authentication services.	1. RADIUS2. TACACS+ 3.Kerberos 4.LDAP 5. XTACACS 6. SAML 7. Secure LDAP
Given a scenario, select the appropriate authentication, authorization or access control.	1. Identification vs. authentication vs. authorization2. Authorization Least privilege Separation of duties ACLs Mandatory access Discretionary access Rule-based access control Role-based access control Time of day restrictions 3.Authentication Tokens Common access card Smart card Multifactor authentication TOTP HOTP CHAP PAP Single sign-on Access control Implicit deny Trusted OS 4.Authentication factors Something you are Something you have Something you know Somewhere you are Something you do 5.Identification Biometrics Personal identification verification card Username 6.Federation 7.Transitive trust/authentication
Install and configure security controls when performing account management, based on best practices.	1. Mitigate issues associated with users with multiple account/ roles and/or shared accounts 2.Account policy enforcement Credential management Group policy Password complexity Expiration Recovery Disablement Lockout Password history Password reuse Password length Generic account prohibition 3. Group-based privileges 4. User-assigned privileges 5. User access reviews 6. Continuous monitoring
Cryptography 12%
Given a scenario, utilize general cryptography concepts.	1. Symmetric vs. asymmetric2. Session keys 3. In-band vs. out-of-band key exchange 4. Fundamental differences and encryption methods Block vs. stream 5. Transport encryption 6. Non-repudiation 7. Hashing 8. Key escrow 9. Steganography 10. Digital signatures11. Use of proven technologies 12. Elliptic curve and quantum cryptography 13. Ephemeral key 14. Perfect forward secrecy
Given a scenario, use appropriate cryptographic methods.	1. WEP vs. WPA/WPA2 and pre-shared key2. MD5 3.SHA  4.RIPEMD 5. AES 6. DES 7.3DES 8.HMAC 9. RSA 10.Diffie-Hellman 11.RC4 12. One-time pads 13. NTLM 14.NTLMv2 15. Blowfish 16. PGP/GPG 17. Twofish 18. DHE 19. ECDHE 20. CHAP 21. PAP 22. Comparative strengths and performance of algorithms 23. Use of algorithms/protocols with transport encryption SSL TLS IPSec SSH HTTPS 24.Cipher suites Strong vs. weak ciphers 25.Key stretching PBKDF2 Bcrypt
Given a scenario, use appropriate PKI, certificate management and associated components.	1. Certificate authorities and digital certificates CA CRLs OCSP CSR 2. PKI 3. Recovery agent 4. Public key 5. Private key 6. Registration 7. Key escrow 8. Trust models

Reference: https://certification.comptia.org/certifications/security

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High level topics covered by our practice test

This Web Simulator will certify the successful candidate has the knowledge and skills required to install and configure systems to secure applications, networks, and devices; perform threat analysis and respond with appropriate mitigation techniques; participate in risk mitigation activities; and operate with an awareness of applicable policies, laws, and regulations. This Web Simulator is for Candidates that usually want to verify their ability when securing large organization.

The Web Simulator will also help candidates to understand better how CompTIA Security practice exams are fundamental to pass their final exam..

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